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Incontinence is a condition that affects millions across the UK, yet it is still shrouded in stigma and misunderstanding. Whether it’s a few drops when you laugh or a sudden, urgent need to go, incontinence comes in various forms. Understanding the different types can help you manage the condition better and seek the right treatment.
Stress incontinence occurs when physical movement or exertion – like coughing, sneezing, laughing, or exercising – puts pressure on your bladder, causing small leaks. It’s common in women, particularly after childbirth or menopause, due to weakened pelvic floor muscles. However, men can also experience this after prostate surgery.
Urge incontinence, also known as overactive bladder, involves a sudden and intense need to urinate followed by involuntary leakage. This can happen even when your bladder isn’t full. Causes range from infections to more serious neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis or Parkinson’s disease.
This occurs when the bladder doesn't empty properly, leading to frequent or constant dribbling. It’s often caused by blockages in the bladder or urethra, or by nerve damage from conditions like diabetes. Men with an enlarged prostate are particularly at risk.
Functional incontinence is more about mobility and awareness. Even though your urinary system may be working fine, a physical or mental impairment – such as arthritis or dementia – can prevent you from reaching the bathroom in time.
Some people experience more than one type of incontinence, often a combination of stress and urge incontinence. This is referred to as mixed incontinence.
If you’re experiencing symptoms of incontinence, it’s important to speak to your GP. There are treatments available, ranging from pelvic floor exercises to medications and even surgery in more severe cases. You don’t have to suffer in silence – help is available across the NHS and through specialist clinics.